(1) Ihame ryakugurisha ibicuruzwa
Bitewe na miniaturizasiya yibicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki PCB, ibikoresho bya chip byagaragaye, kandi uburyo bwa gakondo bwo gusudira ntibwashoboye guhaza ibikenewe.Kugurisha ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa muguteranya imbaho zivanze zumuzunguruko, kandi ibyinshi mubice byateranijwe hamwe no gusudira ni capacitori ya chip, inductors chip, transistors hamwe na diode.Hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga rya SMT ryose rigenda rirushaho kuba ryiza, hagaragaye ibice bitandukanye bya chip (SMC) nibikoresho byogushiraho (SMD), tekinoroji yo kugurisha ibicuruzwa hamwe nibikoresho nkibice bigize tekinoroji yo kuzamuka nabyo byatejwe imbere bikurikije , hamwe nibisabwa byabo bigenda byiyongera.Byakoreshejwe hafi yibicuruzwa byose bya elegitoroniki.Kugurisha kugurisha ni kugurisha byoroshye kumenya guhuza imashini nu mashanyarazi hagati yumugurisha wumutwe wibice byubatswe hejuru cyangwa pin hamwe nudupapuro twanditseho uhinduranya ibicuruzwa byapakishijwe ibicuruzwa byabanje gutangwa kubipapuro byanditseho.gusudira.Kugurisha kugurisha ni kugurisha ibice kubuyobozi bwa PCB, naho kugurisha kugarura ni ugushira ibikoresho hejuru.Kugurisha ibicuruzwa bishingiye kubikorwa byumuyaga ushushe ku ngingo zagurishijwe, kandi flux imeze nka jelly ikora reaction yumubiri munsi yubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwikirere kugirango igere kuri SMD;byitwa rero "kugarura ibicuruzwa" kuko gaze izenguruka mumashini yo gusudira kugirango itange ubushyuhe bwinshi kugirango igere ku ntego yo kugurisha..
(2) Ihame ryakugurisha ibicuruzwaimashini igabanijwemo ibisobanuro byinshi:
A. Iyo PCB yinjiye mukarere gashyuha, umusemburo na gaze muri paste yabagurisha bishira.Muri icyo gihe, flux muri paste yuwagurishije ihanagura amakariso, ibyuma bisohora hamwe na pin, hanyuma paste yuwagurisha yoroshya, irasenyuka, kandi itwikiriye paste yabagurishije.isahani yo gutandukanya udupapuro hamwe nibice bigize ogisijeni.
B. Iyo PCB yinjiye ahantu ho kubika ubushyuhe, PCB nibice birashyuha rwose kugirango PCB itinjira muburyo butunguranye ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwo gusudira no kwangiza PCB nibigize.
C. Iyo PCB yinjiye mukarere ko gusudira, ubushyuhe burazamuka vuba kuburyo paste yuwagurishije igera kumashanyarazi, kandi uwagurishije amazi atose, akwirakwiza, akwirakwiza, cyangwa agaragaza amakariso, impera yibice hamwe na pin ya PCB kugirango bibe ingingo zigurisha. .
D. PCB yinjira muri zone ikonjesha kugirango ikomeze abagurisha;iyo kugurisha kugaruka birangiye.
(3) Ibikorwa bisabwa kurikugurisha ibicuruzwaimashini
Kugaragaza tekinoroji yo kugurisha ntabwo imenyerewe mubijyanye no gukora ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.Ibigize ku mbaho zitandukanye zikoreshwa muri mudasobwa zacu bigurishwa ku mbaho zuzunguruka binyuze muri ubu buryo.Ibyiza byiki gikorwa nuko ubushyuhe bworoshye kugenzura, okiside irashobora kwirindwa mugihe cyo kugurisha, kandi ikiguzi cyo gukora cyoroshye kugenzura.Hano harumuzunguruko ushyushya imbere yiki gikoresho, gishyushya gaze ya azote ku bushyuhe buhagije kandi ikayijugunya ku kibaho cy’umuzunguruko aho ibice bifatanye, ku buryo uwagurishije ku mpande zombi z’ibice ashonga hanyuma agahambirwa ku kibaho. .
1. Shiraho uburyo bwo kwerekana ibicuruzwa byerekana ubushyuhe kandi ukore igeragezwa-nyaryo ryerekana ubushyuhe buri gihe.
2. Weld ukurikije icyerekezo cyo gusudira cyashushanyije PCB.
3. Irinde rwose umukandara wa convoyeur kunyeganyega mugihe cyo gusudira.
4. Ingaruka yo gusudira ku kibaho cyanditse igomba kugenzurwa.
5. Niba gusudira bihagije, niba ubuso bwumugurisha bworoheje, niba imiterere yumugurisha ari ukwezi kwakabiri, imiterere yimipira yabagurisha nibisigisigi, ibihe byo gusudira bikomeje no gusudira muburyo busanzwe.Reba kandi ibara rya PCB hejuru yibara nibindi.Kandi uhindure umurongo wubushyuhe ukurikije ibisubizo byubugenzuzi.Ubwiza bwo gusudira bugomba kugenzurwa buri gihe mubikorwa byose.
(4) Ibintu bigira ingaruka kumikorere:
1. Mubisanzwe PLCC na QFP bifite ubushyuhe bunini kuruta ibice bya chip, kandi biragoye gusudira ibice binini kuruta ibice bito.
2. Mu ziko ryerekana, umukandara wa convoyeur nawo uhinduka uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe iyo ibicuruzwa byatanzwe bigaruwe inshuro nyinshi.Mubyongeyeho, ibihe byo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe kumpera no hagati mugice cyo gushyushya biratandukanye, kandi ubushyuhe kumpera ni buke.Usibye ibisabwa bitandukanye, ubushyuhe bwubuso bumwe bwo gupakira nabwo buratandukanye.
3. Ingaruka yimitwaro itandukanye.Guhindura ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe bwo kugurisha ibicuruzwa bigomba kuzirikana ko gusubiramo neza bishobora kuboneka munsi yumutwaro, umutwaro nibintu bitandukanye.Ibintu biremereye bisobanuwe nka: LF = L / (L + S);aho L = uburebure bwa substrate yateranijwe hamwe na S = intera ya substrate yateranijwe.Nibintu byinshi biremereye, niko bigoye kubona ibisubizo byororoka kubikorwa byo kugaruka.Mubisanzwe ibintu byinshi biremereye byo gutanura ni murwego rwa 0.5 ~ 0.9.Ibi biterwa nibicuruzwa byifashe (ibice byo kugurisha ibintu, insimburangingo zitandukanye) hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bwitanura.Uburambe bufatika nibyingenzi kugirango tubone ibisubizo byiza byo gusudira no gusubiramo.
(5) Ni izihe nyungu zakugurisha ibicuruzwatekinoroji yimashini?
1) Iyo kugurisha hamwe nubuhanga bwo kugurisha ibintu, nta mpamvu yo gucengera ikibaho cyumuzingo cyacapwe mugurisha gushonga, ariko ubushyuhe bwaho bukoreshwa kugirango urangize umurimo wo kugurisha;kubwibyo, ibice bigomba kugurishwa bishobora guhura nubushyuhe buke kandi ntibizaterwa no kwangirika kwinshi kubice.
2) Kubera ko tekinoroji yo gusudira ikeneye gusa kugurisha ku gice cyo gusudira no kuyishyushya aho kugirango irangize gusudira, inenge zo gusudira nkikiraro ziririndwa.
3) Muri tekinoroji yo kugurisha uburyo bwo kugurisha, umugurisha akoreshwa inshuro imwe gusa, kandi ntihazongera gukoreshwa, uwagurishije rero afite isuku kandi nta mwanda uhari, ibyo bikaba byemeza ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa.
(6) Intangiriro kubikorwa bigendakugurisha ibicuruzwaimashini
Igicuruzwa cyo kugurisha ni uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho hejuru, kandi inzira yacyo iraruhije, ishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri: gushiraho uruhande rumwe no kwishyiriraho impande ebyiri.
A, kwishyiriraho uruhande rumwe: mbere yo gutwikira kugurisha paste → patch (igabanijwemo intoki no kwishyiriraho imashini byikora) → kwerekana ibicuruzwa → kugenzura no gupima amashanyarazi.
B. ) gushyira) → kwerekana kugurisha → kugenzura no gupima amashanyarazi.
Inzira yoroshye yo kugurisha ibicuruzwa ni "ecran ya ecran yo kugurisha paste - patch - kugurisha ibicuruzwa, intandaro yacyo ni ukuri kwicapiro rya silike, kandi igipimo cy'umusaruro kigenwa na PPM yimashini yo kugurisha ibishishwa, kandi kugurisha ni kugenzura ubushyuhe bwiyongera nubushyuhe bwo hejuru.no kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe. ”
(7) Kugaragaza sisitemu yo kubungabunga ibikoresho byo kugurisha ibikoresho
Imirimo yo gufata neza tugomba gukora nyuma yo kugurisha ibicuruzwa byakoreshejwe;bitabaye ibyo, biragoye gukomeza ubuzima bwa serivisi bwibikoresho.
1. Igice cyose kigomba kugenzurwa buri munsi, kandi kigomba kwitabwaho byumwihariko kumukandara wa convoyeur, kugirango kidashobora gukomera cyangwa kugwa.
2 Mugihe cyo kuvugurura imashini, amashanyarazi agomba kuzimwa kugirango wirinde amashanyarazi cyangwa amashanyarazi magufi.
3. Imashini igomba kuba itajegajega kandi ntigoramye cyangwa idahindagurika
4. Kubijyanye na zone yubushyuhe bwa buri muntu ihagarika gushyushya, banza urebe ko fuse ijyanye nayo yatanzwe mbere kuri padi ya PCB muguhindura paste
(8) Kwirinda imashini igurisha
1. Kugirango umutekano wumuntu ku giti cye, uyikoresha agomba gukuramo ikirango n imitako, kandi amaboko ntagomba kuba arekuye.
2 Witondere ubushyuhe bwo hejuru mugihe cyo gukora kugirango wirinde gufata neza
3. Ntugashyireho ubushake ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe n'umuvuduko wakugurisha ibicuruzwa
4. Menya neza ko icyumba gihumeka, kandi ikuramo umwotsi igomba kuganisha hanze yidirishya.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-07-2022